Piezoelectric ceramic tubes are functional components that exploit the piezoelectric effect to achieve bidirectional electromechanical energy conversion. With lead zirconate titanate (PZT) serving as the foundational material, these tubes undergo lattice distortion when subjected to an alternating electric field, thereby producing mechanical oscillations (known as the converse piezoelectric effect). In reverse, any mechanical deformation applied to the tube prompts the generation of an electrical charge, a phenomenon referred to as the direct piezoelectric effect.
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